Authors
Mohd. Azmi Khan and Dr. Salma Ahmed

Abstract
The car culture, that is the aspiration to own a car, is spreading at a rapid pace across the world. The number of car owners are increasing, be it in developed countries like the USA, the Europe, or even in emerging economies like India and China. The automobile industry has also witnessed changes all across the world. And what is fascinating to note is that these changes can be said to be similar or homogeneous with respect to demand of customer and the increasing desire for newer models, which is on the rise. The changes in demand have been for automotive and autonomous driving, electrification, connectivity and infotainment. And most importantly, globally there is a pressure for environmental requirements. Keeping these changes in perspective, Tesla Inc. (formerly Tesla Motors) has launched the first luxury electric car, the Roadster, in 2008. It received immense popularity and acceptance as public at large has become conscious of sustainability and climate change. However, the response has been from the elite class. It now wants to target the mass market. Being a new player in the automobile industry, with small capital base, a weak supply chain, it faces many challenges and how far it is able to fulfill its vision as a technologically innovative automobile company remains to be seen. Tesla Inc., the company has challenges in expanding the business despite being a market leader in electronic vehicle. The aim of the study is to analyze the transformation led by Tesla in the
automobile industry in spite being younger than older market players. Further SWOT analysis of company’s present situation would be needed and in order to recommend the ways to mitigate weaknesses and threats to business, Tesla needs to frame its future strategy to remain in top and gain competitive advantage. That would be interesting to see whether Tesla, a small-time player would be able to ward off competitors and retain the competitive advantage that it now enjoys

Authors
Snehal Chincholkar and Dr. Vandana Sonwaney

Abstract
This case study is designed to discuss the paradigm shift of Indian retail industry and changing Indian consumer buying behavior by specifically concentrating on wedding apparel buying process. Presented through the dilemma of a fashion designer, this case is trying to analyze the current Indian retail trends and future of Indian retail Industry. In last few years, Indian retail industry witnessed some dynamic changes. The major factors responsible for these changes were foreign direct investment, developing infrastructure, high disposable income, brand awareness,
changing consumption basket, emerging market of Tier-II and Tier-III cities. Aspirations of Indian consumers have changed because of media exposure and now Indian consumers are more knowledgeable and style conscious and also they select retailers according to their convenience, knowledge, occasion and availability. Through favorable environmental conditions, the apparel industry has got a major boost however demanding consumers are creating new challenges for
retailers. What are these challenges? Doing business in India is easy or difficult? Do we need to understand Indian consumer buying behavior? Do they behave differently during wedding apparel shopping? Let’s try to understand.

Authors
Dr. Kirti Shivakumar, Prof. Ameet Kulkarni and Mr. Salil Joshi

Abstract
Expert Engineering Enterprises was established in 1981. Today, it is looked upon as a responsible partner and an OEM supplier of Industrial Valves to several companies in India, Russia, East and South Africa. Though continual improvement was happening over the years, it was not done or recorded in a scientific manner. To address the
challenges of the competitive business scenario and ensure sustainability, the management of Expert took a decision of introducing Kaizen in the year 2015, a method to encourage innovation and creativity amongst the employees. The company had always been innovative and had a system where employees of each section met every morning at 8.30 am. During the meeting, they discussed their day to day issues and themselves came up with suggestions or solutions to overcome the problem. This intervention was called Chintan. When Kaizen was introduced, the employees were
trained in Kaizen through the discussions held during the Chintan intervention. Tools like fixed point photography, identifying 7 wastes etc. were used to generate possible ideas. Currently the firm focuses on continuous improvement rigorously and the employees have understood that Kaizen is an inevitable practice in the path of growth. The case focuses on the concept of Kaizen, its benefits, challenges in implementation and the way ahead for Expert. It also allows the reader to get a clear understanding of 5S and Kaizen. It can also be used to understand how the mandatory implementation of contributing to Kaizen has been fruitful to the organization.

Authors
Dr. Meenakshi Verma and Dr. Anuj Verma

Abstract
This case is about Maruti Suzuki’s Manesar Plant episode. It gives a detailed insight into what exactly happened on the fateful day. The General Manager (Human Resource) of Maruti Suzuki was burned to death in a large scale violence activity in the Manesar Plant. The event was allegedly triggered by a disciplinary issue with an employee which led to difference of opinion between the management and workers. The workers also made several other demands like pay
parity between contractual employees and permanent employees which were not heeded by the management. The opening note of the case talks about how Suzuki set its strong foot hold in India which is followed by Maruti Suzuki’s Joint Venture and its pros and cons. Later, the case describes about how the cross-cultural differences between Indian Management Techniques and Japanese Management Techniques started affecting the work ethos at Maruti. The next aspect of the case is about step by step occurrence of the event. This case highlights, how a simple communication gap can lead to violence of this magnitude. When employees are not paid any heed to, when the employees are discriminated, when they are denied their basic rights, employees tend to take such drastic measures for their voices to be heard. Though Joint Ventures may sound good from an economic perspective, it becomes very challenging from socio-cultural
perspective.

Authors
Rajani Ramdas

Abstract
This case deals with the financial statements’ implications issue and taxation issues from the revenue generated from gift cards. This is a fictitious case that deals with the problems faced by companies in recognizing the revenue generated from gift cards. The case revolves around a retail store who wants to introduce the concept of gift cards in their store. The case first talks about the benefits of introducing the concept of gift cards and in the latter part of the case it talks about the problems faced by the finance and accounts department in accounting for the revenue
recognized form gift cards. The case is in the form of a story telling mode with a dilemma in the conclusion that has to be addressed by the store. The case requires students to practically apply the accounting principles in real life situations. The case is designed in such a way that the students will be able to apply the relevant accounting concepts to solve the issue. The case is more relevant because of the absence of a written rule or procedure for recording revenue from gift cards in India and moreover the concept is against the principal of the revenue recognition concept. Using this case, students will be able to understand the use of retailer-issued gift cards
and also learn the accounting and taxation implications arising thereof. This case can be used to elucidate the application of accounting concepts and conventions especially revenue recognition concept.